CRISPR-Cas9
Basic Structure of the Genome-Editing Tool CRISPR-Cas9
CRISPR-based genome editing employs a single-stranded guide RNA (sgRNA) that comprises CRISPR RNA (crRNA) linked with trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA). The PAM sequence serves as the binding signal for the target DNA sequence and the Cas9 nuclease. The Cas9 nuclease has two DNA-cutting domains: RuvC and HNH.
Adapted from: T. Yamamoto. Basic Principles and Application of Genome Editing (in Japanese). Tokyo, Japan: Shokabo; 2018.